Substrate. What is it and why?
What is it? This is a thin layer of soft (often medium or high acidity) base, which works as a binder between the nail and the material with weak adhesion.
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Adhesion in manicure, if simple, is the strength of the coupling of an artificial material with the surface of the nail plate.
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How to work with the substrate?
When do we make a substrate? - for camouflage bases, ⁃ for solid bases, usually they are marked with the words (hard, strong, build, builder), ⁃ for gels and gels-jelly, ⁃ for acrigels, polygels, multigels, and so on. On nails with a damaged dorsal layer, for example, a torn coating or sawdust (of course, I do not recommend covering them at all, but if you still decided to take a risk, then make a high-quality substrate) ⁃ if you are afraid to affect the structure of the nail the acid base in the alignment (thick) layer.
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There is a direct relationship between acidity and adhesion. In hard materials (bases, gels, paigelac) acidity, as a rule, below. So the hitch is worse. That is why they need help in the form of this binding layer of soft base.
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